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FitBits
July 15, 2005

Exercise ETC's Review of
Exercise Related Research
Compiled by
Jeannie Patton, MS, CSCS

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Wide Stance Cycling
Shows Preferential VMO Activation

Patello-femoral knee pain is commonly associated with atrophy of the vastus medialis oblique muscle (VMO). The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of an open-stance (wide) cycling protocol with the traditional cycling foot position for recruitment of the VMO.

Forty males and females ranging in age from 18 to 60 served as subjects. Eighteen of the subjects presented with patello-femoral pain and 22, who did not, served as controls.

Results showed preferential VMO activation for all testing sessions during cycling with the open-stance foot position. There were no significant differences between the symptomatic and control groups or between genders, as all groups experienced increased VMO recruitment.

Since cycling is commonly used as an early therapeutic exercise in the rehabilitation of patello-femoral disorders, the results of this study would indicate the benefits of open-stance foot positioning during cycling to proactively strengthen the knee.

Willis, Buck. et al. Preferential Vastus Medialis Oblique Activation Achieved as a Treatment for Knee Disorders. Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 2005, 19(2), 286-291.

Cholesterol Concerns?
Add Grains, Legumes, Veggies
To Your Low Fat Diet

A variety of food combinations can be used to meet U.S. guidelines for obtaining 30% or fewer daily calories from total fat, including 10% or fewer daily calories from saturated fat. The purpose of this study was to contrast lipid responses to 2 low fat diet patterns.

Subjects were 120 adults 30 to 65 years of age with pre-study low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels of 130 to 190 and a body mass index of less than 31. The subjects’ daily estimated saturated fat intake was at least 10% of calories, and they were otherwise in general good health. Subjects were divided into 2 groups: either a low fat diet group or a low fat plus diet group for the 4 week study period. The two diets, were identical in total fat, saturated fat, protein, carbohydrate, and cholesterol content, but the low fat plus diet incorporated considerably more vegetables, legumes, and whole grains.

Those in the low fat plus group reduced their total and LDL cholesterol by more than twice as much as those who followed a more conventional low-fat diet that simply avoided saturated fat and cholesterol rich foods.

Previous national dietary guidelines primarily emphasized avoiding saturated fat and cholesterol; as a result many individuals simply ate foods such as turkey bologna, low fat cookies and low fat freezer entrees. The results of this study indicate that eating a diet rich in vegetables, grains and legumes can decrease total and LDL cholesterol even more than a traditional low-fat diet.

Gardner, Christopher, D. et al. The Effect of a Plant-Based Diet on Plasma Lipids in Hypercholesterolemic Adults. Annals of Internal Medicine. 3 May 2005, 142(9 ), 725-733.

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